October 13, 2022 — The Federal Reserve Board and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau today announced the dollar thresholds used to determine whether certain consumer credit and lease transactions in 2023 are exempt from Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) and Regulation M (Consumer Leasing).
By law, the agencies are required to adjust the thresholds annually based on the annual percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers, known as CPI-W. Transactions at or below the thresholds are subject to the protections of the regulations.
Specifically, based on the annual percentage increase in the CPI-W as of June 1, 2022, Regulation Z and Regulation M generally will apply to consumer credit transactions and consumer leases of $66,400 or less in 2023. However, private education loans and loans secured by real property, such as mortgages, are subject to Regulation Z regardless of the amount of the loan.
Read the Consumer Leasing (Regulation M).
Read the Truth in Lending (Regulation Z).
Questions for the Federal Reserve Board can be directed to Laura Benedict at [email protected] or (202) 452-2955.
(Jan. 7, 2022) A regulatory alert calling attention to threshold and fee adjustments – which are increasing for the new year — under truth in lending, consumer leasing and fair credit reporting regulations by the CFPB was distributed last week by NCUA.
The alert, sent to all federally insured credit unions, notes that last month the bureau issued final annual adjustments for the exemption thresholds outlined under the Truth in Lending Act (TILA or Regulation Z) and the Consumer Leasing Act (CLA or Regulation M). The alert also points out that CFPB issued an annual adjustment to the maximum amount credit bureaus may charge consumers for making a file disclosure to a consumer under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA or Regulation V).
More specifically:
- The Reg Z threshold (for appraisals for higher-priced mortgage loan exemptions) will increase to $28,500 from $27,200.
- The Reg M threshold (for consumer credit and consumer lease exemptions) will increase to $61,000 from $58,300.
- The Reg V ceiling (for credit bureau consumer report fees) will increase to $13.50 from $13.
The Reg Z and Reg M threshold changes are based on the annual increase in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) in effect as of June 1, 2021. The Reg V ceiling is based on the CPI for all urban consumers.
LINK:
(Dec. 3, 2021) A regulatory alert on Truth in Lending (Regulation Z) annual threshold adjustments for various loans – which take effect Jan. 1 — was issued this week by NCUA, following up on action taken by the CFPB earlier this fall.
The NCUA alert (RA-21-10) notes that the adjustments for credit cards, closed-end home equity loans and qualified mortgages (QMs) are based on the annual percentage change reflected in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) as of June 1, 2021. CFPB is required to calculate the dollar amounts for several provisions in Reg Z each year.
In late October, the bureau increased many, but not all, of the threshold dollar amounts for the loans covered under Reg Z. No change in the $1 threshold triggering minimum interest charge disclosure requirements on open-end consumer credit plans was made, for example.
For open-end credit plans under the CARD Act, there were increases to $30 in the adjusted dollar amount for safe harbor for a first violation penalty fee and to $41 in the threshold for a subsequent violation penalty fee. For HOEPA loans, the adjusted total loan amount threshold for high-cost mortgages in 2022 will be $22,969, the agency said; the adjusted points-and-fees dollar trigger will be $1,148.
For QMs, the changes are a bit more complicated, with various thresholds for the spread between the annual percentage rate (APR) and the average prime offer rate (APOR) in 2022. The changes are detailed in the alert.
LINK:
(June 4, 2021) Frequently asked questions (FAQs) about mortgage servicing were updated this week by the CFPB, concerning escrow account compliance under Regulations X and Z (RESPA and TILA, respectively). The new questions added 11 pages to the agency’s mortgage servicing queries list, covering an array of issues related to escrow accounts (including: a basic definition) … Written communication providing specific direction on use of alternative data at financial institutions – including credit unions — is required from regulators, the GAO indicated in reports it issued this week. Additionally, the GAO wrote, regulators should be collaborating on the specifics in that written communication. The GAO detailed an outstanding 2018 recommendation that has not yet been addressed by the Fed and the FDIC, asserting that “continued attention to this issue could improve (the agencies’) ability to more effectively oversee risks to consumers and the safety and soundness of the U.S. banking system.” The GAO did note that federal financial regulators (including NCUA) in late 2019 issued an interagency statement highlighting potential benefits and risks of using alternative data and encouraged financial firms to use it. However, GAO noted, that statement does not provide firms or banks with specific direction on the appropriate use of that data, including issues to consider when selecting types of alternative data to use.
LINKS:
Mortgage Servicing FAQs, last updated June 2, 2021.
Priority Open Recommendations: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Priority Open Recommendations: Federal Reserve
(April 2, 2021) Seven policy statements issued in 2020 from late March to early June that provided temporary flexibilities to financial institutions in the areas of consumer mortgages, credit reporting, credit cards, and prepaid cards are rescinded as of April 1 (Thursday), the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced this week.
The bureau also said it was rescinding its 2018 bulletin on supervisory communications and replacing it with a revised one describing its use of matters requiring attention (MRAs) “to effectively convey supervisory expectations.” That new bulletin, 2021-01, states that “effective immediately,” the bureau will no longer use “supervisory recommendations” in these communications.
“We are now over a year into the disruptive and deadly COVID-19 crisis. The virus has affected industry as well as consumers, but individuals and families have been hardest-hit by the pandemic’s health and economic impacts,” said CFPB Acting Director Dave Uejio. “Providing regulatory flexibility to companies should not come at the expense of consumers. Because many financial institutions have developed more robust remote capabilities and demonstrated improved operations, it is no longer prudent to maintain these flexibilities. The CFPB’s first priority, today and always, is protecting consumers from harm.”
The rescinded policy statements were issued between March 26 through June 3, 2020, and temporarily provided financial institutions with flexibilities regarding certain regulatory filings or compliance with consumer financial laws and regulations. The bureau said the rescissions “reflect the Bureau’s commitment to consumer protection, and the fact that financial institutions have had a year to adapt their operations to the difficulties posed by the pandemic.”
The bureau, in its release, included links to each policy statement rescission notice and the new MRA bulletin.
Rescission of Statement on Bureau Supervisory and Enforcement Response to COVID-19 Pandemic (March 26, 2020)
Rescission of Statement on Supervisory and Enforcement Practices Regarding Quarterly Reporting Under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (March 26, 2020
(Feb. 19, 2021) Four new summaries have been posted by NASCUS, looking at recent actions from NCUA, which include: two regulatory alerts, a final rule on supervisory guidance, and (along with other federal regulators) answers to questions about anti-money laundering activities.
All four of the summaries are available to members only.
The summaries on regulatory alerts from NCUA look at two issued earlier this month: the first on 2021 threshold adjustments under Regs C, Z and V; the second on submission of 2020 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data. The first alert (21-RA-02) notes that, in January, the bureau published annual adjustments for exemption thresholds under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA, Regulation C) and the Truth in Lending Act (TILA, Regulation Z). The asset-size thresholds, the alert points out, exempt some credit unions from data collection under Regulation C and from escrow account requirements for higher-priced mortgage loans and specific qualified mortgages under Regulation Z.
The alert also notes that the CFPB published an annual adjustment to the maximum amount consumer reporting agencies may charge consumers for making a file disclosure to a consumer under Regulation V.
The second alert (21-RA-03) reminds credit unions with $47 million or more in assets that they have until March 1 to file reports on home mortgage loan applications made last year under HMDA (as implemented by the CFPB’s Reg C). There are some limiting provisions for reporting under the rule, the agency pointed out in the alert. For example, the closed-end mortgage loan threshold increased from 25 to 100 effective July 1, 2020. “Credit unions that originated fewer than 100 covered closed-end mortgage loans in 2018 or 2019 are not required to report any closed-end mortgage loan information for 2020,” the agency wrote, noting that Section 1003.3(c) of Regulation C lists excluded (not covered) transactions.
The third summary from NASCUS looks at the agency’s final rule on supervisory guidance. Issued early this month. Under the rule, aimed at clarifying and codifying the role of supervisory guidance, the meaning of “supervisory guidance” is clarified as meaning, essentially, it doesn’t have the force of law. As finalized, it codifies an interagency statement issued by NCUA and other federal financial institution regulators in September 2018.
The final summary from NASCUS this week outlines “frequently asked questions” (FAQs) about suspicious activity reporting and other anti-money laundering considerations released by NCUA, Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and federal banking agencies. According to the agencies, the FAQs clarify the regulatory requirements related to suspicious activity reporting to assist credit unions and other financial institutions with their compliance obligations. The FAQs also enable financial institutions to focus resources on activities that produce the greatest value to law enforcement agencies and other government users of Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) reporting, the agencies said.
NASCUS Summary: Final Rule Summary: Role of Supervisory Guidance (Part 791, Subpart D) (member only)
(Feb. 5, 2021) A regulatory alert focusing on 2021 threshold adjustments published by CFPB for Regulations C, Z and V was issued this week by NCUA, noting that all three were effective Jan. 1.
The alert notes that, in January, the bureau published annual adjustments for exemption thresholds under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (Regulation C) and the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z). The asset-size thresholds, the alert points out, exempt some credit unions from data collection under Regulation C and from escrow account requirements for higher-priced mortgage loans and specific qualified mortgages under Regulation Z.
The CFPB published an annual adjustment to the maximum amount consumer reporting agencies may charge consumers for making a file disclosure to a consumer under Regulation V, the alert also notes
More specifically the alert states:
- The Reg C exemption threshold increased to $48 million (meaning credit unions with $48 million or less in assets as of Dec. 31, 2020, are exempt from collecting HMDA data this year);
- The Reg Z escrow and small creditor qualified mortgages (QMs) asset-size exemption threshold increased to $2.23 billion (meaning lenders with assets of less than $2.23 billion at the end of last year are expect if other provisions of Reg Z are also met). The limit also applies during a grace period, in certain circumstances, with respect to transactions with applications received before April 1, 2022.
- The ceiling on the allowable amount a consumer reporting agency may charge for a consumer report in 2021 increased to $13. “The ceiling does not affect the amount a credit union may charge its members or potential members, directly or indirectly, for obtaining a credit report in the normal course of business,” NCUA noted.
(Jan. 8, 2021) Credit unions and banks with assets of $48 million or less as of Dec. 31 are exempt from collecting data in 2021 under Regulation C (Home Mortgage Disclosure), the CFPB said last month in setting the regulation’s annual asset-size threshold.
The bureau said the $1 million upward adjustment in the threshold from last year was based on a 1.3% increase in the average of the CPI-W for the 12-month period ending in November 2020. As it usually does, the bureau noted that an institution’s exemption from collecting data in 2021 does not affect its responsibility to report data it was required to collect in 2020.
Also announced by the bureau: its adjustment to Regulation Z thresholds, stating that creditors with assets of less than $2.23 billion (including assets of certain affiliates) as of Dec. 31 are exempt, if other requirements of Regulation Z also are met, from establishing escrow accounts for higher-priced mortgage loans in 2021.
LINKS:
Regulation C notice